2018 Vol. 36, No. 1
Display Method:
2018, 36(1): 1-8.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.001
Abstract:
Paclitaxel is a natural compound with efficient broad-spectrum antitumor activity. However, the clinical application has been limited owing to the undesirable drawbacks, such as the poor water-solubility, cardiovascular toxicity and neurotoxicity. The design of paclitaxel prodrugs is an effective measure which can improve the drug's druggability, alleviate its toxicity adverse effect and enhance its antitumor effect. With the in-depth research of prodrugs, tumor-targeting paclitaxel prodrugs which using the excessive receptors, specific enzymes, transporters, reactive oxide species, glutathione in tumor tissues as well as acidosis and hypoxia in tumors as specific targets, have made great progress. The relevant literature about paclitaxel prodrugs were reviewed in this paper, which targeted to the specific pathological and physiological features of tumor microenvironment in recent years.
Paclitaxel is a natural compound with efficient broad-spectrum antitumor activity. However, the clinical application has been limited owing to the undesirable drawbacks, such as the poor water-solubility, cardiovascular toxicity and neurotoxicity. The design of paclitaxel prodrugs is an effective measure which can improve the drug's druggability, alleviate its toxicity adverse effect and enhance its antitumor effect. With the in-depth research of prodrugs, tumor-targeting paclitaxel prodrugs which using the excessive receptors, specific enzymes, transporters, reactive oxide species, glutathione in tumor tissues as well as acidosis and hypoxia in tumors as specific targets, have made great progress. The relevant literature about paclitaxel prodrugs were reviewed in this paper, which targeted to the specific pathological and physiological features of tumor microenvironment in recent years.
2018, 36(1): 9-12.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.002
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Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic degenerative disease in the elderly population. It is characterized by knee-joint pain, swelling, morning stiffness and seriously affects the patients' motor function and physical health. So far, there is no early diagnosis and effective treatment for it. This paper outlined the recent researches on knee osteoarthritis and inflammatory cytokines to discuss the relationship between knee osteoarthritis and inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-10,IL-17 and IL-37, and provide the theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic degenerative disease in the elderly population. It is characterized by knee-joint pain, swelling, morning stiffness and seriously affects the patients' motor function and physical health. So far, there is no early diagnosis and effective treatment for it. This paper outlined the recent researches on knee osteoarthritis and inflammatory cytokines to discuss the relationship between knee osteoarthritis and inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-10,IL-17 and IL-37, and provide the theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
2018, 36(1): 13-17.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.003
Abstract:
Core-shell-type lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles(CSLPHNs) are composed by a biodegradable polymeric core coated with single or multiple layers of biomimetic lipids, which combine the benefits of polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes. CSLPHNs have the advantages of small particle size, high drug loading, good biocompatibility and controlled release capability. It has wide applications as a novel drug delivery system. This review gives a brief introduction in characteristics, preparation methods and applications of CSLPHNs, specifically summarizes the developments in the fields of ophthalmic drug delivery, tumor therapy and medical diagnostic imaging.
Core-shell-type lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles(CSLPHNs) are composed by a biodegradable polymeric core coated with single or multiple layers of biomimetic lipids, which combine the benefits of polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes. CSLPHNs have the advantages of small particle size, high drug loading, good biocompatibility and controlled release capability. It has wide applications as a novel drug delivery system. This review gives a brief introduction in characteristics, preparation methods and applications of CSLPHNs, specifically summarizes the developments in the fields of ophthalmic drug delivery, tumor therapy and medical diagnostic imaging.
2018, 36(1): 18-23.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.004
Abstract:
Surface plasmon resonance(SPR) is an optical phenomenon arises from mass changes on sensors based on interaction between substances, which could monitor the interaction between biomolecules quickly and accurately. It has the advantage of label-free, high specificity, high accuracy, real-time and on-line monitoring, which has attracted comprehensive attention in recent years. SPR biosensors could be applied in drug discovery, clinical diagnosis, food safety, environment monitoring and proteomics. In this manuscript, the application of SPR biosensors in food safety, environment monitor and biomedical analysis have been reviewed, which could provide reference to related research.
Surface plasmon resonance(SPR) is an optical phenomenon arises from mass changes on sensors based on interaction between substances, which could monitor the interaction between biomolecules quickly and accurately. It has the advantage of label-free, high specificity, high accuracy, real-time and on-line monitoring, which has attracted comprehensive attention in recent years. SPR biosensors could be applied in drug discovery, clinical diagnosis, food safety, environment monitoring and proteomics. In this manuscript, the application of SPR biosensors in food safety, environment monitor and biomedical analysis have been reviewed, which could provide reference to related research.
2018, 36(1): 24-29.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.005
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As a traditional Chinese medicine, Anemarrhena saponin is one of the main components in Anemarrhena. Many pharmacological activities were reported in recent literatures, such as anti-tumor, anti-senile dementia, improving learning and memory, anti-clotting, anti-thrombus, reducing blood glucose and lipid, anti-depression, lowering blood pressure, and so on. In this paper, the pharmacological effects of the Anemarrhena saponin were summarized in four aspects which are anti-tumor, central nervous system, cardiovascular system and endocrine system to provide an important basis for further development of Anemarrhena.
As a traditional Chinese medicine, Anemarrhena saponin is one of the main components in Anemarrhena. Many pharmacological activities were reported in recent literatures, such as anti-tumor, anti-senile dementia, improving learning and memory, anti-clotting, anti-thrombus, reducing blood glucose and lipid, anti-depression, lowering blood pressure, and so on. In this paper, the pharmacological effects of the Anemarrhena saponin were summarized in four aspects which are anti-tumor, central nervous system, cardiovascular system and endocrine system to provide an important basis for further development of Anemarrhena.
2018, 36(1): 30-33,54.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.006
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Objective To study the effect of flumazenil on hypnotic mice induced by diazepam and zolpidem, and to evaluate the possibility of flumazenil oral administration. Methods First, Kunming mice were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline and sodium pentobarbital (S + W), diazepam and pentobarbital sodium (D + W), zolpidem and pentobarbital sodium (Z + W). The hypnotic effect of diazepam and zolpidem on prolonging the sleep time of pentobarbital sodium would be verified by (D + W) group and (Z + W) group. Then the mice were injected intraperitoneally with flumazenil. The sleep time was used as the evaluation index to evaluate the effect of flumazenil against hypnosis. Finally, the oral administration of flumazenil was observed against hypnosis, which was evaluated by using sleep time as an index. Results Compared with the control group (S+W), the diazepam group (D+W) and the zolpidem group (Z+W) significantly prolonged the sleep time induced by pentobarbital sodium (P<0.001,P<0.05);After Intraperitoneal injection of flumazenil,compared with the diazepam group (D+W) and the zolpidem group (Z+W),the sleep time of the diazepam group[F(ip)+D+W] and the zolpidem group[F(ip)+Z+W] were significantly shorter (P<0.001, P<0.05);After oral administration of flumazenil, the sleep time of the diazepam group[F(ig)+D+W] and the zolpidem group[F(ig)+Z+W] were also significantly shorter (P<0.001,P<0.05). Conclusion Flumazenil, whether intraperitoneal injection or intragastric administration, could antagonize the hypnotic effect of diazepam and zolpidem. It was proved that oral administration of flumazenil had the same effect compared with intraperitoneal injection of flumazenil, which provided the possibility of preparation of oral administration of flumazenil.
Objective To study the effect of flumazenil on hypnotic mice induced by diazepam and zolpidem, and to evaluate the possibility of flumazenil oral administration. Methods First, Kunming mice were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline and sodium pentobarbital (S + W), diazepam and pentobarbital sodium (D + W), zolpidem and pentobarbital sodium (Z + W). The hypnotic effect of diazepam and zolpidem on prolonging the sleep time of pentobarbital sodium would be verified by (D + W) group and (Z + W) group. Then the mice were injected intraperitoneally with flumazenil. The sleep time was used as the evaluation index to evaluate the effect of flumazenil against hypnosis. Finally, the oral administration of flumazenil was observed against hypnosis, which was evaluated by using sleep time as an index. Results Compared with the control group (S+W), the diazepam group (D+W) and the zolpidem group (Z+W) significantly prolonged the sleep time induced by pentobarbital sodium (P<0.001,P<0.05);After Intraperitoneal injection of flumazenil,compared with the diazepam group (D+W) and the zolpidem group (Z+W),the sleep time of the diazepam group[F(ip)+D+W] and the zolpidem group[F(ip)+Z+W] were significantly shorter (P<0.001, P<0.05);After oral administration of flumazenil, the sleep time of the diazepam group[F(ig)+D+W] and the zolpidem group[F(ig)+Z+W] were also significantly shorter (P<0.001,P<0.05). Conclusion Flumazenil, whether intraperitoneal injection or intragastric administration, could antagonize the hypnotic effect of diazepam and zolpidem. It was proved that oral administration of flumazenil had the same effect compared with intraperitoneal injection of flumazenil, which provided the possibility of preparation of oral administration of flumazenil.
2018, 36(1): 34-39.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.007
Abstract:
Objective To study the protective effect of Fu-Yuan-Xing-Nao decoction (FYXND) on rats with middle cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, ischemia-reperfusion, and low, middle, high FYXND dose (5.5, 11, 22 g/kg) groups. Rats model was induced by 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion and 24 h reperfusion. The neurological deficit score of each group was evaluated. The infarct size was measured by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetra-zolium(TTC) chloride staining assay. The pathological changes of brain tissue were observed by HE staining assay. The changes of Nissl bodies were observed by Nissl staining. Tunnel staining was used to observe the apoptosis of neurons in brain. Serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD)and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Results Compared with the model group, neurological outcomes were improved in all three groups of low, middle and high FYXND dose (5.5, 11, 22 g/kg). Significantly reduced infarct brain volume was observed with TTC staining in all three FYXND groups. The results from HE staining assay indicated that the pathological structure of brain tissue was improved in the treatment groups. The numbers and morphology of Nissl corpuscles in the treated group were also improved based on the results of Nissl staining. Both the Tunnel staining positive cells and the rate of apoptosis were decreased. Compared with the model group, FYXND increased the rat serum SOD level and decreased the MDA level. Conclusion FYXND has protective effects on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.
Objective To study the protective effect of Fu-Yuan-Xing-Nao decoction (FYXND) on rats with middle cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, ischemia-reperfusion, and low, middle, high FYXND dose (5.5, 11, 22 g/kg) groups. Rats model was induced by 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion and 24 h reperfusion. The neurological deficit score of each group was evaluated. The infarct size was measured by the 2,3,5-triphenyltetra-zolium(TTC) chloride staining assay. The pathological changes of brain tissue were observed by HE staining assay. The changes of Nissl bodies were observed by Nissl staining. Tunnel staining was used to observe the apoptosis of neurons in brain. Serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD)and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Results Compared with the model group, neurological outcomes were improved in all three groups of low, middle and high FYXND dose (5.5, 11, 22 g/kg). Significantly reduced infarct brain volume was observed with TTC staining in all three FYXND groups. The results from HE staining assay indicated that the pathological structure of brain tissue was improved in the treatment groups. The numbers and morphology of Nissl corpuscles in the treated group were also improved based on the results of Nissl staining. Both the Tunnel staining positive cells and the rate of apoptosis were decreased. Compared with the model group, FYXND increased the rat serum SOD level and decreased the MDA level. Conclusion FYXND has protective effects on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.
2018, 36(1): 40-45.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.008
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the current situation of rational drug use in medical facilities at all levels in Sichuan province by means of empirical research via WHO/INRUD selected drug use indicators SDUIs. Methods Six sample cities in Sichuan Province was extracted, in which 1 to 3 tertiary hospitals, 1 to 3 secondary hospitals, 5 community health service centers and 5 township hospitals were selected. Prescription indicators were indicated by collecting outpatient prescriptions from sample medical facilities which contained 30 prescriptions per month of every January, April, July and October from January 2012 to April 2015. Results The average number of drugs was 3.02 per prescription. The percentage of drug generic name used in prescription drugs was 90.33%. The percentage of antimicrobial use was 40.09%. The percentage of injections used was 14.46%. The percentage of essential drugs used among prescription drugs was 83.27%. The percentage of essential drugs used was 93.05%. Average fee amount all prescriptions was 66.04 yuan. Conclusion Some of the indicators was of good rationality, but there were still some unreasonable phenomena.
Objective To evaluate the current situation of rational drug use in medical facilities at all levels in Sichuan province by means of empirical research via WHO/INRUD selected drug use indicators SDUIs. Methods Six sample cities in Sichuan Province was extracted, in which 1 to 3 tertiary hospitals, 1 to 3 secondary hospitals, 5 community health service centers and 5 township hospitals were selected. Prescription indicators were indicated by collecting outpatient prescriptions from sample medical facilities which contained 30 prescriptions per month of every January, April, July and October from January 2012 to April 2015. Results The average number of drugs was 3.02 per prescription. The percentage of drug generic name used in prescription drugs was 90.33%. The percentage of antimicrobial use was 40.09%. The percentage of injections used was 14.46%. The percentage of essential drugs used among prescription drugs was 83.27%. The percentage of essential drugs used was 93.05%. Average fee amount all prescriptions was 66.04 yuan. Conclusion Some of the indicators was of good rationality, but there were still some unreasonable phenomena.
2018, 36(1): 46-49.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.009
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the extraction process of Yuchang granules. Methods The extraction process was optimized by orthogonal experiment based on the content of berberine, atractylodes lactone Ⅰ and the extraction yield. Results Through the visual analysis of orthogonal experiment, the analysis of variance and the verification experiments, the optimum extraction process was obtained as follows:extracting 1 h for twice with 10 times water of medicinal herbs and the 70% ethanol depositing concentration. Conclusion This process is consistent and feasible. It is a simple and convenient method to extract Yuchang granules.
Objective To investigate the extraction process of Yuchang granules. Methods The extraction process was optimized by orthogonal experiment based on the content of berberine, atractylodes lactone Ⅰ and the extraction yield. Results Through the visual analysis of orthogonal experiment, the analysis of variance and the verification experiments, the optimum extraction process was obtained as follows:extracting 1 h for twice with 10 times water of medicinal herbs and the 70% ethanol depositing concentration. Conclusion This process is consistent and feasible. It is a simple and convenient method to extract Yuchang granules.
2018, 36(1): 50-54.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.010
Abstract:
Objective To study the anti-oxidation properties of Zn2+-quercetin complexes. Methods The binding stoichiometric ratios and the binding constant of Zn2+ to quercetin were measured with UV-Vis spectroscopy. The binding sites on quercetin were determined via 1H NMR spectroscopy. The antioxidant activities of Zn2+-quercetin complexes were compared to quercetin by scavenging DPPH radical method. The binding ratio of Zn2+ to quercetin depends on neutralization of phenol groups of quercetin. Results The binding ratio of Zn2+ to quercetin is 1:2 when less than two OH groups were deprotonated. The binding ratio is 1:1 when more than three OH groups were deprotonated. The apparent binding constant is 2.42×106 M-1 for the 1:1 Zn2+-quercetin complex. The 3'-OH and 4'-OH of quercetin are involved in the Zn2+ binding. The scavenging DPPH radical activity of Zn2+-quercetin complex is 2.3 times of quercetin. Conclusion These results provide a new insight to expand applications of this traditional Chinese medicine.
Objective To study the anti-oxidation properties of Zn2+-quercetin complexes. Methods The binding stoichiometric ratios and the binding constant of Zn2+ to quercetin were measured with UV-Vis spectroscopy. The binding sites on quercetin were determined via 1H NMR spectroscopy. The antioxidant activities of Zn2+-quercetin complexes were compared to quercetin by scavenging DPPH radical method. The binding ratio of Zn2+ to quercetin depends on neutralization of phenol groups of quercetin. Results The binding ratio of Zn2+ to quercetin is 1:2 when less than two OH groups were deprotonated. The binding ratio is 1:1 when more than three OH groups were deprotonated. The apparent binding constant is 2.42×106 M-1 for the 1:1 Zn2+-quercetin complex. The 3'-OH and 4'-OH of quercetin are involved in the Zn2+ binding. The scavenging DPPH radical activity of Zn2+-quercetin complex is 2.3 times of quercetin. Conclusion These results provide a new insight to expand applications of this traditional Chinese medicine.
2018, 36(1): 55-60.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.011
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the marine sponge Theonella swinhoei collected from the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea. Methods The petroleum ether and dichloromethane extract of the marine sponge T. swinhoei were purified by solvent extraction and chromatographic methods including vacuum liquid chromatography(VLC), medium pressure liquid chromatography(MPLC), thin layer chromatography(TLC) on silica gel, high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and Sephadex LH-20. The chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the reported data. Results Eight compounds were isolated and their structures were determined as cholest-7-ene-3β,5α,6β-triol ( 1 ), ergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol ( 2 ), 25-norcycloartane-3β,6α,16β,24-tetraol ( 3 ), sinuflexibilin D ( 4 ), 14-deoxycrassin ( 5 ), N-(2-phenylethyl)-(9Z)-tetradecanamide( 6 ), N-(2-phenylethyl)-tetradecanamide ( 7 ), 7,8-dimethyl-isoalloxazine ( 8 ). Conclusion Compounds 1 ~ 7 were isolated from the sponge of genus Theonella for the first time.
Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the marine sponge Theonella swinhoei collected from the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea. Methods The petroleum ether and dichloromethane extract of the marine sponge T. swinhoei were purified by solvent extraction and chromatographic methods including vacuum liquid chromatography(VLC), medium pressure liquid chromatography(MPLC), thin layer chromatography(TLC) on silica gel, high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and Sephadex LH-20. The chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the reported data. Results Eight compounds were isolated and their structures were determined as cholest-7-ene-3β,5α,6β-triol ( 1 ), ergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol ( 2 ), 25-norcycloartane-3β,6α,16β,24-tetraol ( 3 ), sinuflexibilin D ( 4 ), 14-deoxycrassin ( 5 ), N-(2-phenylethyl)-(9Z)-tetradecanamide( 6 ), N-(2-phenylethyl)-tetradecanamide ( 7 ), 7,8-dimethyl-isoalloxazine ( 8 ). Conclusion Compounds 1 ~ 7 were isolated from the sponge of genus Theonella for the first time.
2018, 36(1): 61-63,67.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.012
Abstract:
Objective A series of 4 substituted salidroside derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their anti-fatigue effects were investigated. Methods With five-acetyl glucose and different 4-substituted benzyl tyrosols as the starting materials,salidroside derivatives were synthesized through glycosidation and deacetylation reactions. The exercise exhaustive mice model was used to study the anti-fatigue effects of those synthesized derivatives by comparing the loading swimming time of mice. Results 10 novel salidroside derivatives were synthesized. The loading swimming tests showed that the swimming time of the mice in the positive group (salidroside) and 3a -1 group (phenethyl-β-D-glucoside) was longer than that in the control group with statistically significant difference(P<0.05). The swimming times for other groups were similar to control group with no statistically significant difference. Conclusion This synthetic method for salidroside derivatives was convenient and feasible for large production. The 4-hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring of salidroside and its derivatives may be the active site responsible for their anti-fatigue activity.
Objective A series of 4 substituted salidroside derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their anti-fatigue effects were investigated. Methods With five-acetyl glucose and different 4-substituted benzyl tyrosols as the starting materials,salidroside derivatives were synthesized through glycosidation and deacetylation reactions. The exercise exhaustive mice model was used to study the anti-fatigue effects of those synthesized derivatives by comparing the loading swimming time of mice. Results 10 novel salidroside derivatives were synthesized. The loading swimming tests showed that the swimming time of the mice in the positive group (salidroside) and 3a -1 group (phenethyl-β-D-glucoside) was longer than that in the control group with statistically significant difference(P<0.05). The swimming times for other groups were similar to control group with no statistically significant difference. Conclusion This synthetic method for salidroside derivatives was convenient and feasible for large production. The 4-hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring of salidroside and its derivatives may be the active site responsible for their anti-fatigue activity.
2018, 36(1): 64-67.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.013
Abstract:
Objective To determine the contents of total flavonoids and xanthohumol in hop from 29 different countries and regions. Methods Rutin colorimetric method was used to determine the content of total flavonoids. HPLC-UV method was established for the determination of xanthohumol in hops. HPLC method was performed by Dikma Technologies Diamonsil C18 (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) column with mobile phase acetonitrile-1% glacial acetic acid solution at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The column temperature was 25℃. The detection wavelength was 370 nm. Results The equation of linear regression of total flavonoids was A=30.345C+0.016 8,r=0.999 9. The equation of linear regression of xanthohumol was A=55 446 C+9040.5,r=0.999 9. Their linear ranges were respectively 20.2-404.0 μg/ml, 2.152-43.040 μg/ml, which indicated a good linear relationship. The RSDs of precision and repeatability were less than 2%. The average recoveries of flavonoids and xanthohumol were respectively 102.71% and 100.21%. Conclusion The contents of total flavonoids and xanthohumol in different hops varieties are significantly different and the import hops was better than the domestic hops in this study.
Objective To determine the contents of total flavonoids and xanthohumol in hop from 29 different countries and regions. Methods Rutin colorimetric method was used to determine the content of total flavonoids. HPLC-UV method was established for the determination of xanthohumol in hops. HPLC method was performed by Dikma Technologies Diamonsil C18 (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) column with mobile phase acetonitrile-1% glacial acetic acid solution at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The column temperature was 25℃. The detection wavelength was 370 nm. Results The equation of linear regression of total flavonoids was A=30.345C+0.016 8,r=0.999 9. The equation of linear regression of xanthohumol was A=55 446 C+9040.5,r=0.999 9. Their linear ranges were respectively 20.2-404.0 μg/ml, 2.152-43.040 μg/ml, which indicated a good linear relationship. The RSDs of precision and repeatability were less than 2%. The average recoveries of flavonoids and xanthohumol were respectively 102.71% and 100.21%. Conclusion The contents of total flavonoids and xanthohumol in different hops varieties are significantly different and the import hops was better than the domestic hops in this study.
2018, 36(1): 68-70,79.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.014
Abstract:
Objective To determine the content of paeoniflorin in Fuzhengpingxiao capsule by HPLC method. Methods The content of paeoniflorin were determined by HPLC, and the column was an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column (150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm); The mobile phase was acetonitrile and 5 mmol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate (10:90), and the flow rate was set at 1 ml/min. Column temperature was 25℃, detection wavelength was 230 nm, injection volume was 10 μl, and running time was 25 min. Results Paeoniflorin was linear (r=0.999 9) in the concentration of 25.0-500.0 μg/ml, the linear equation was Y=12.65X +43.54, and the average recovery was 92.69% with RSD value was 1.77%. Conclusion The method was easy to operate, reliable and reproducible, which could be used in the determination of paeoniflorin in FuzhengPingxiao capsule.
Objective To determine the content of paeoniflorin in Fuzhengpingxiao capsule by HPLC method. Methods The content of paeoniflorin were determined by HPLC, and the column was an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column (150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm); The mobile phase was acetonitrile and 5 mmol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate (10:90), and the flow rate was set at 1 ml/min. Column temperature was 25℃, detection wavelength was 230 nm, injection volume was 10 μl, and running time was 25 min. Results Paeoniflorin was linear (r=0.999 9) in the concentration of 25.0-500.0 μg/ml, the linear equation was Y=12.65X +43.54, and the average recovery was 92.69% with RSD value was 1.77%. Conclusion The method was easy to operate, reliable and reproducible, which could be used in the determination of paeoniflorin in FuzhengPingxiao capsule.
2018, 36(1): 71-74.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.015
Abstract:
Objective To establish the quality standard for Baibu Zhike syrup. Methods TLC method was used for qualitative identification of Stemonae Radix and Platycodonis Radix. The content of hesperidin in Citri Exocarpium Rubrum was determined by HPLC method on C18 column with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (18:82). The detection wavelength was 284 nm. Results The clear spots on TLC indicated a good separation with no interference to negative control. The linear range of hesperidin was 0.066 9-1.672 5 μg (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 96.6%. Conclusion This method is simple, rapid and reproducible. It can be used for the quality control of Baibu Zhike syrup.
Objective To establish the quality standard for Baibu Zhike syrup. Methods TLC method was used for qualitative identification of Stemonae Radix and Platycodonis Radix. The content of hesperidin in Citri Exocarpium Rubrum was determined by HPLC method on C18 column with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (18:82). The detection wavelength was 284 nm. Results The clear spots on TLC indicated a good separation with no interference to negative control. The linear range of hesperidin was 0.066 9-1.672 5 μg (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 96.6%. Conclusion This method is simple, rapid and reproducible. It can be used for the quality control of Baibu Zhike syrup.
2018, 36(1): 75-79.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.016
Abstract:
Objective To study the efficacy and adverse reactions for renal transplant patients conversed from cyclosporine A to tacrolimus. Methods The follow-up data of renal transplant patients conversed from cyclosporine A to tacrolimus were collected. The clinical therapeutic outcomes including drug induced diseases (DIDs) and acute rejection (AR) induced by cyclosporine A were analyzed during the first year after conversion with SPSS17.0 software. Results The levels of Scr and BUN were significantly decreased during the first year after conversion for renal transplant patients with CScr and AR (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The levels of direct bilirubin (DB) and total bilirubin (TB) were also significantly lowed (P<0.05 or P<0.01) during the first year for drug-induced liver injury (DILI) patients. The average level of ALT was significantly decreased in 12 months after conversion (P<0.05). The complications of gingival overgrowth (GO) stopped with the medication replacement. However, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level increased significantly in 12 months after conversion (P<0.05). Conclusion For renal transplant patients suffered from AR or the serious DIDs induced by cyclosporine A, conversion from cyclosporine A to tacrolimus could be considered. However, it should be aware of the high blood glucose or the new diabetes caused by tacrolimus.
Objective To study the efficacy and adverse reactions for renal transplant patients conversed from cyclosporine A to tacrolimus. Methods The follow-up data of renal transplant patients conversed from cyclosporine A to tacrolimus were collected. The clinical therapeutic outcomes including drug induced diseases (DIDs) and acute rejection (AR) induced by cyclosporine A were analyzed during the first year after conversion with SPSS17.0 software. Results The levels of Scr and BUN were significantly decreased during the first year after conversion for renal transplant patients with CScr and AR (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The levels of direct bilirubin (DB) and total bilirubin (TB) were also significantly lowed (P<0.05 or P<0.01) during the first year for drug-induced liver injury (DILI) patients. The average level of ALT was significantly decreased in 12 months after conversion (P<0.05). The complications of gingival overgrowth (GO) stopped with the medication replacement. However, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level increased significantly in 12 months after conversion (P<0.05). Conclusion For renal transplant patients suffered from AR or the serious DIDs induced by cyclosporine A, conversion from cyclosporine A to tacrolimus could be considered. However, it should be aware of the high blood glucose or the new diabetes caused by tacrolimus.
2018, 36(1): 80-82,87.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.017
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the effect of edaravone combined with ginkgo diterpene lactone in treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and discuss the better clinical treatment to ACI. Methods 100 cases of ACI and who accepted treatments in our hospital were selected as the research objects in January 2014 to January 2015.50 patients as observation group were given the treatment of edaravone and ginkgo diterpene lactone at the same time,while other 50 patients as control group were merely given the treatment of ginkgo diterpene lactone.At the same time,both groups were given treatment of conventional therapy.The total neurological function,effective rate,adverse reactions,and the treatment satisfaction of both groups before and after the treatment were observed. Results There were no significant different of NIHSS score of two groups before treatment (P>0.05).After treatment,NIHSS score of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).The total effective rate of observation group was 90%,which was significantly higher than the control group (66%,P<0.05).The main adverse reactions were rash,nausea,dizziness of two groups,and there were no significant different of adverse reactions rate of two groups through the treatment (P>0.05).The treatment of patients with satisfaction rate of observation group was 94%,which was significantly higher than control group (84%,P<0.05). Conclusion Edaravone combined with ginkgo diterpene lactone had a good effect on improving nerve function of ACI patients,which could improve the treatment of patients with satisfaction,high security,and could be recommended in clinical.
Objective To analyze the effect of edaravone combined with ginkgo diterpene lactone in treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and discuss the better clinical treatment to ACI. Methods 100 cases of ACI and who accepted treatments in our hospital were selected as the research objects in January 2014 to January 2015.50 patients as observation group were given the treatment of edaravone and ginkgo diterpene lactone at the same time,while other 50 patients as control group were merely given the treatment of ginkgo diterpene lactone.At the same time,both groups were given treatment of conventional therapy.The total neurological function,effective rate,adverse reactions,and the treatment satisfaction of both groups before and after the treatment were observed. Results There were no significant different of NIHSS score of two groups before treatment (P>0.05).After treatment,NIHSS score of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).The total effective rate of observation group was 90%,which was significantly higher than the control group (66%,P<0.05).The main adverse reactions were rash,nausea,dizziness of two groups,and there were no significant different of adverse reactions rate of two groups through the treatment (P>0.05).The treatment of patients with satisfaction rate of observation group was 94%,which was significantly higher than control group (84%,P<0.05). Conclusion Edaravone combined with ginkgo diterpene lactone had a good effect on improving nerve function of ACI patients,which could improve the treatment of patients with satisfaction,high security,and could be recommended in clinical.
2018, 36(1): 83-87.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.018
Abstract:
Objective To explore the role of clinical pharmacists in pharmaceutical care for a pregnant patient with severe acute pancreatitis. Methods Clinical pharmacists participated in the treatments for one severe case of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy. Based on the disease states and therapeutic results, clinical pharmacists adjusted the drug regimen, selected safer antibiotics for pregnant patient and provided comprehensive pharmaceutical services for the patient. Results Clinical pharmacists provided individualized pharmaceutical care, improved the clinical outcomes and reduced the adverse reactions. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists play an important role in improving the drug therapeutic outcome and monitoring the medication safety in specific group of patients.
Objective To explore the role of clinical pharmacists in pharmaceutical care for a pregnant patient with severe acute pancreatitis. Methods Clinical pharmacists participated in the treatments for one severe case of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy. Based on the disease states and therapeutic results, clinical pharmacists adjusted the drug regimen, selected safer antibiotics for pregnant patient and provided comprehensive pharmaceutical services for the patient. Results Clinical pharmacists provided individualized pharmaceutical care, improved the clinical outcomes and reduced the adverse reactions. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists play an important role in improving the drug therapeutic outcome and monitoring the medication safety in specific group of patients.
2018, 36(1): 88-92.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.019
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the regularity and characteristics of 2 621 cases of adverse drug reaction (ADR) occurring in our hospital during 2013-2016, and to explore the factors and causes of ADRs, so as to provide evidence for the continuous improvement of rational use of drugs. Methods 2 621 cases of ADR reports were retrospectively analyzed by monitoring software to extract ADR report source, patient age and sex, related pharmaceutical dosage forms, routes of administration, clinical characterization, organ involvement and other information. The Pareto method was used to identify the main drugs that caused ADR and ADR factorial analysis was performed with Fishbone diagram. Results ADR mainly reported by physicians (2 573 cases, 98.17%) and pharmacists reported at least (3 cases, 0.11%); population aged >70 years accounted for the largest proportion (570 cases, 21.74%); ADR mainly caused by intravenous infusion (1 680 cases, 64.10%). The clinical manifestations were gastrointestinal system lesions(717 cases, 24.17%). Pareto analysis showed that the main drug factors involved anti-infective drugs, anti-neoplastic drugs, Chinese medicine injections and parenteral nutrition drugs. Fishbone analysis showed that elderly patients, intravenous administration, incomplete monitoring and related drugs were the determining factors associated with ARDs. Conclusion The close attention should be paid to monitoring and guidance of special populations, especially the elderly; reducing intravenous forms, monitoring the main factors of medicines, carrying out the individualized medication monitoring, strengthening clinical pharmacy,in order to promote clinical rational use drug and reduce the occurrence of drug-induced diseases.
Objective To analyze the regularity and characteristics of 2 621 cases of adverse drug reaction (ADR) occurring in our hospital during 2013-2016, and to explore the factors and causes of ADRs, so as to provide evidence for the continuous improvement of rational use of drugs. Methods 2 621 cases of ADR reports were retrospectively analyzed by monitoring software to extract ADR report source, patient age and sex, related pharmaceutical dosage forms, routes of administration, clinical characterization, organ involvement and other information. The Pareto method was used to identify the main drugs that caused ADR and ADR factorial analysis was performed with Fishbone diagram. Results ADR mainly reported by physicians (2 573 cases, 98.17%) and pharmacists reported at least (3 cases, 0.11%); population aged >70 years accounted for the largest proportion (570 cases, 21.74%); ADR mainly caused by intravenous infusion (1 680 cases, 64.10%). The clinical manifestations were gastrointestinal system lesions(717 cases, 24.17%). Pareto analysis showed that the main drug factors involved anti-infective drugs, anti-neoplastic drugs, Chinese medicine injections and parenteral nutrition drugs. Fishbone analysis showed that elderly patients, intravenous administration, incomplete monitoring and related drugs were the determining factors associated with ARDs. Conclusion The close attention should be paid to monitoring and guidance of special populations, especially the elderly; reducing intravenous forms, monitoring the main factors of medicines, carrying out the individualized medication monitoring, strengthening clinical pharmacy,in order to promote clinical rational use drug and reduce the occurrence of drug-induced diseases.
2018, 36(1): 93-96.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2018.01.020
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the utility behavior of dietary supplement in middle school students from Shenyang and Shanghai. Methods The survey questionnaires were handed out to the middle school students from different grades of 11 schools in Shenyang and Shanghai. The characteristics of population statistic and behavior on the understanding and attitude of dietary supplement were collected. Results 1 210 survey questionnaires were handed out and 916 were taken back effectively. The utility rate of dietary supplement was 24.56% in this survey. 50.89% of the user considered that taking the dietary supplement reached the expected effect. The probability of the dietary supplement utility in students was different in different grade and city. The utility rate of the dietary supplement from the students whose parents had medical related occupations was higher than others. The main objective of taking dietary supplement was supplement vitamin and microelement. The pharmacy was the primary channel to get the dietary supplement. The information and recommendations of the dietary supplement was mainly coming from experts in medicine and nutrition. 78.93% of the responders made no difference of the category and trademark of dietary supplement. But the responders from Shenyang and family which had medicine related parents took more attention on the category and trademark of dietary supplement than that from Shanghai and family which had not medicine related parents. (P<0.01) The effectiveness of dietary supplement from the responders was related to gender and administer habit. (P<0.01) Conclusion A quarter of the survey students were taken dietary supplement. The safety education of dietary supplement utility should be carried out during middle school. Family from different city had differences in the utility of dietary supplement. Family with medicine related parents preferred to take dietary supplement. The channel of supply and recommendation was rational in the middle school student's family.
Objective To investigate the utility behavior of dietary supplement in middle school students from Shenyang and Shanghai. Methods The survey questionnaires were handed out to the middle school students from different grades of 11 schools in Shenyang and Shanghai. The characteristics of population statistic and behavior on the understanding and attitude of dietary supplement were collected. Results 1 210 survey questionnaires were handed out and 916 were taken back effectively. The utility rate of dietary supplement was 24.56% in this survey. 50.89% of the user considered that taking the dietary supplement reached the expected effect. The probability of the dietary supplement utility in students was different in different grade and city. The utility rate of the dietary supplement from the students whose parents had medical related occupations was higher than others. The main objective of taking dietary supplement was supplement vitamin and microelement. The pharmacy was the primary channel to get the dietary supplement. The information and recommendations of the dietary supplement was mainly coming from experts in medicine and nutrition. 78.93% of the responders made no difference of the category and trademark of dietary supplement. But the responders from Shenyang and family which had medicine related parents took more attention on the category and trademark of dietary supplement than that from Shanghai and family which had not medicine related parents. (P<0.01) The effectiveness of dietary supplement from the responders was related to gender and administer habit. (P<0.01) Conclusion A quarter of the survey students were taken dietary supplement. The safety education of dietary supplement utility should be carried out during middle school. Family from different city had differences in the utility of dietary supplement. Family with medicine related parents preferred to take dietary supplement. The channel of supply and recommendation was rational in the middle school student's family.
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