2017 Vol. 35, No. 3
Display Method:
2017, 35(3): 193-196,247.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.001
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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Recurrence and metastasis are the primary reasons for its poor prognosis. Growing evidence has proposed that lung cancer may be driven by cancer stem cells (CSCs), which may be responsible for the poor outcome of lung cancer. The resistance mechanisms of cancer stem cells include four aspects: high expression of the chemo-resistant efflux transporter ABC in CSCs populations, over-expression of ALDH, efficient DNA damage repair system, developmental pathway activation. The tolerance mechanism of CSCs was described to provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment and development of new anti-tumor drugs.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Recurrence and metastasis are the primary reasons for its poor prognosis. Growing evidence has proposed that lung cancer may be driven by cancer stem cells (CSCs), which may be responsible for the poor outcome of lung cancer. The resistance mechanisms of cancer stem cells include four aspects: high expression of the chemo-resistant efflux transporter ABC in CSCs populations, over-expression of ALDH, efficient DNA damage repair system, developmental pathway activation. The tolerance mechanism of CSCs was described to provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment and development of new anti-tumor drugs.
2017, 35(3): 197-200,228.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.002
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Research on the inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is a hot topic in the field of digestive system disease. IBD mainly consists of ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD). The pathogenesis of IBD has not been fully understood. So far, there is no specific medication for IBD. A number of novel medicines and preparations have emerged with the research progress on the pathogenesis of IBD. The research status on IBD drug therapy is briefly reviewed in this paper.
Research on the inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is a hot topic in the field of digestive system disease. IBD mainly consists of ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD). The pathogenesis of IBD has not been fully understood. So far, there is no specific medication for IBD. A number of novel medicines and preparations have emerged with the research progress on the pathogenesis of IBD. The research status on IBD drug therapy is briefly reviewed in this paper.
2017, 35(3): 201-204,242.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.003
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by incompletely reversible airflow limitation and progressive course. The pathogenesis of COPD is complicated. Clinical symptoms include declining pulmonary function, airway and lung inflammation, cough, emaciation, low activity and so on. In the past, the medications for COPD treatment were mainly bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs.With the better understanding of its pathogenesis, anti-oxidative drugs have also been used in the clinical treatment of COPD recently. This article reviews the development of drugs which include bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory drugs and anti-oxidative drugs for the therapy of COPD.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by incompletely reversible airflow limitation and progressive course. The pathogenesis of COPD is complicated. Clinical symptoms include declining pulmonary function, airway and lung inflammation, cough, emaciation, low activity and so on. In the past, the medications for COPD treatment were mainly bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs.With the better understanding of its pathogenesis, anti-oxidative drugs have also been used in the clinical treatment of COPD recently. This article reviews the development of drugs which include bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory drugs and anti-oxidative drugs for the therapy of COPD.
2017, 35(3): 205-207,274.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.004
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Sodium prasterone sulfate (DHEAS) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) are endogenous steroid compounds, which are synthesized and secreted by adrenal gland. They are the precursors of steroid hormones,including sex hormone. Based on intracrine theory,the majority of postmenopausal women will have vaginal atrophy,which is caused by the absence of endogenous hormones,DHEAS or DHEA. Moderate supplementation of DHEAS can relieve the associated symptoms of vaginal atrophy.Many clinical researches have demonstrated that DHEAS can efficiently alleviate the related symptoms of vaginal atrophy.The concentration of androgen and estrogen in patients with long term use of DHEAS are still in the normal intracrine physiological range. Therefore,DHEAS may become the first drug for the treatment of vaginal atrophy in the future.
Sodium prasterone sulfate (DHEAS) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) are endogenous steroid compounds, which are synthesized and secreted by adrenal gland. They are the precursors of steroid hormones,including sex hormone. Based on intracrine theory,the majority of postmenopausal women will have vaginal atrophy,which is caused by the absence of endogenous hormones,DHEAS or DHEA. Moderate supplementation of DHEAS can relieve the associated symptoms of vaginal atrophy.Many clinical researches have demonstrated that DHEAS can efficiently alleviate the related symptoms of vaginal atrophy.The concentration of androgen and estrogen in patients with long term use of DHEAS are still in the normal intracrine physiological range. Therefore,DHEAS may become the first drug for the treatment of vaginal atrophy in the future.
2017, 35(3): 208-214.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.005
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Objective Identifying laccases, as one of the key synthetases in the lariciresinol biosynthetic pathway, by analyzing the transcriptome sequencing results in Isatis indigotica would provide a dependable foundation for later functional study of Isatis indigotica's laccases. Methods Bioinformatical softwares and kinds of analytical methods online were used to find out the characteristics of the laccases from I. indigotica, including physical and chemical properties, homology, and the properties after induction of MeJA. Results The transcriptional results showed that Iilac3 and Iilac5 from I. indigotica were corresponded with the accumulation of the effective metabolites, making them the potential functional genes participated in lariciresinol synthesis. Conclusion Through the detailed bioinformatical analysis of Iilacs,which laid a solid foundation for the further study of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms and structural characteristics of the functional proteins.
Objective Identifying laccases, as one of the key synthetases in the lariciresinol biosynthetic pathway, by analyzing the transcriptome sequencing results in Isatis indigotica would provide a dependable foundation for later functional study of Isatis indigotica's laccases. Methods Bioinformatical softwares and kinds of analytical methods online were used to find out the characteristics of the laccases from I. indigotica, including physical and chemical properties, homology, and the properties after induction of MeJA. Results The transcriptional results showed that Iilac3 and Iilac5 from I. indigotica were corresponded with the accumulation of the effective metabolites, making them the potential functional genes participated in lariciresinol synthesis. Conclusion Through the detailed bioinformatical analysis of Iilacs,which laid a solid foundation for the further study of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms and structural characteristics of the functional proteins.
2017, 35(3): 215-218.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.006
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Objective To establish a thin layer chromatography-surface-enhanced Raman scattering(TLC-SERS) method for the detection of dyed Croci Stigma. Method The dyed Croci Stigma was wetted by ethanol and pressed on TLC plate sprayed with Silver sol. The pressed zone was immediately detected by a portable Raman spectrometer. Factors including the concentration of ethanol, spraying time and amount of silver sol were investigated and optimized. Results The dyed Croci Stigma, stained by auramine O, new fuchsin, tartrazine and brilliant ponceau were successfully detected using the established method. Conclusion The combination of TLC and SERS technology provides a rapid, simple and sensitive detection method which is suitable for quick field tests.
Objective To establish a thin layer chromatography-surface-enhanced Raman scattering(TLC-SERS) method for the detection of dyed Croci Stigma. Method The dyed Croci Stigma was wetted by ethanol and pressed on TLC plate sprayed with Silver sol. The pressed zone was immediately detected by a portable Raman spectrometer. Factors including the concentration of ethanol, spraying time and amount of silver sol were investigated and optimized. Results The dyed Croci Stigma, stained by auramine O, new fuchsin, tartrazine and brilliant ponceau were successfully detected using the established method. Conclusion The combination of TLC and SERS technology provides a rapid, simple and sensitive detection method which is suitable for quick field tests.
2017, 35(3): 219-223,251.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.007
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Objective To establish methods for the determination of doxorubicin and elacridar, and prepare PLGA nanoparticles for the co-delivery of doxorubicin and elacridar. Methods Ultraviolet spectrophotometry (UV) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to establish the determination method of doxorubicin and elacridar, respectively; co-delivery nanoparticles system was prepared by nanoprecipitation method, and optimizing the prescription was by adjusting the dosage ratio of the two drugs to investigate the particle size,morphology, encapsulation efficiency (EE), drug loading (DL) and in vitro release. Results The linearity of doxorubicin was better in the rang of 1 to 40 μg/ml, A=0.021C+0.002,r=0.999 5;the linearity of elacridar was better in the rang of 0.5 to 100 μg/ml,A=120 742.462 6C+1 974.570 4,r=1.000 0;the particle size was about 50 nm; transmission electron microscope (TEM) showed that nanoparticles were round in shape and had a good dispersion;EE of doxorubicin and elacridar were 56.58%、51.66%,respectively, DL of doxorubicin and elacridar were 1.48%、1.85%,respectively,the molar ratio of two drugs was about 1:1;the nanoparticles released slowly in vitro. Conclusion The established methods of doxorubicin and elacridar were convenient and efficient, accurate and repeatable.The Co-delivery nanoparticles system was well dispersionand smaller size, which could be used for further studies.
Objective To establish methods for the determination of doxorubicin and elacridar, and prepare PLGA nanoparticles for the co-delivery of doxorubicin and elacridar. Methods Ultraviolet spectrophotometry (UV) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to establish the determination method of doxorubicin and elacridar, respectively; co-delivery nanoparticles system was prepared by nanoprecipitation method, and optimizing the prescription was by adjusting the dosage ratio of the two drugs to investigate the particle size,morphology, encapsulation efficiency (EE), drug loading (DL) and in vitro release. Results The linearity of doxorubicin was better in the rang of 1 to 40 μg/ml, A=0.021C+0.002,r=0.999 5;the linearity of elacridar was better in the rang of 0.5 to 100 μg/ml,A=120 742.462 6C+1 974.570 4,r=1.000 0;the particle size was about 50 nm; transmission electron microscope (TEM) showed that nanoparticles were round in shape and had a good dispersion;EE of doxorubicin and elacridar were 56.58%、51.66%,respectively, DL of doxorubicin and elacridar were 1.48%、1.85%,respectively,the molar ratio of two drugs was about 1:1;the nanoparticles released slowly in vitro. Conclusion The established methods of doxorubicin and elacridar were convenient and efficient, accurate and repeatable.The Co-delivery nanoparticles system was well dispersionand smaller size, which could be used for further studies.
2017, 35(3): 224-228.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.008
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Objective To detect the transcription factors of copper ion (Cu2+) metabolism and oxidative stress by Candida albicans knocked down different transcription factors. Methods Spot assay, growth curve were used. Results The sensitivity to Cu2+ in Cup2Δ/Δ was increasing and the growth of Cup2Δ/Δ was inhibited in 5 mmol /L Cu2+ medium. The results showed that Cup2Δ/Δ also increased the sensitivity to H2O2, interestingly, Cu2+and H2O2 played a synergistic antifungal effect.The tolerance of Cup2Δ/Δ and SN250 to H2O2 induced oxidative stress was increased after BCS chelating Cu2+. In the fluconazole, miconazole and ketoconazole susceptibility experiments, Cup2Δ/Δ did not show susceptibility to azole drugs. Conclusion Knockout transcription factor Cup2, which could increase the sensitivity to Cu2+ and H2O2in Candida albicans. Transcription factor Cup2 might be involved in the regulation and control of Candida albicansmetabolism on Cu2+ and oxidative stress induced by H2O2, but not involved in the regulation and control of drug resistance to azole drugs.
Objective To detect the transcription factors of copper ion (Cu2+) metabolism and oxidative stress by Candida albicans knocked down different transcription factors. Methods Spot assay, growth curve were used. Results The sensitivity to Cu2+ in Cup2Δ/Δ was increasing and the growth of Cup2Δ/Δ was inhibited in 5 mmol /L Cu2+ medium. The results showed that Cup2Δ/Δ also increased the sensitivity to H2O2, interestingly, Cu2+and H2O2 played a synergistic antifungal effect.The tolerance of Cup2Δ/Δ and SN250 to H2O2 induced oxidative stress was increased after BCS chelating Cu2+. In the fluconazole, miconazole and ketoconazole susceptibility experiments, Cup2Δ/Δ did not show susceptibility to azole drugs. Conclusion Knockout transcription factor Cup2, which could increase the sensitivity to Cu2+ and H2O2in Candida albicans. Transcription factor Cup2 might be involved in the regulation and control of Candida albicansmetabolism on Cu2+ and oxidative stress induced by H2O2, but not involved in the regulation and control of drug resistance to azole drugs.
2017, 35(3): 229-232,237.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.009
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Objective To evaluate the role of myricetin in the metastasis of human renal cancer ACHN cells both in vitro and in vivo. Methods With different concentration of myricetin (25, 50, 100 μmol/L) acting on ACHN cells, the cell viability, migration and invasion were respectively measured with CCK-8 assay, wound healing migration assay and Transwell invasion assay in vitro. A lung metastatic model for human renal cell carcinoma was developed by tail vein injection with ACHN cells. The effect of myricetin on the metastasis of renal cell carcinoma was explored by intraperitoneal injection of myricetin in vivo. After 6 weeks, the micro metastases of the lungs in nude mice was examined. Results Compared to the control group, CCK-8 assay showed that the cell viability was significantly lower in the myricetin group at the concentration of 50 μmol/L for 24 h (P=0.019). The inhibitory effect became more significant with the increase in drug concentration or action time. In addition, myricetin also inhibits the migration and invasion of ACHN cells in a dose dependent manner. Intraperitoneal injection of myricetin significantly reduced the number of the micro metastases of renal cell carcinoma in the lungs of nude mice. Conclusion Myricetin effectively inhibits the cell viability, migration and invasion of human renal cancer ACHN cells. It has the potential therapeutic value in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.
Objective To evaluate the role of myricetin in the metastasis of human renal cancer ACHN cells both in vitro and in vivo. Methods With different concentration of myricetin (25, 50, 100 μmol/L) acting on ACHN cells, the cell viability, migration and invasion were respectively measured with CCK-8 assay, wound healing migration assay and Transwell invasion assay in vitro. A lung metastatic model for human renal cell carcinoma was developed by tail vein injection with ACHN cells. The effect of myricetin on the metastasis of renal cell carcinoma was explored by intraperitoneal injection of myricetin in vivo. After 6 weeks, the micro metastases of the lungs in nude mice was examined. Results Compared to the control group, CCK-8 assay showed that the cell viability was significantly lower in the myricetin group at the concentration of 50 μmol/L for 24 h (P=0.019). The inhibitory effect became more significant with the increase in drug concentration or action time. In addition, myricetin also inhibits the migration and invasion of ACHN cells in a dose dependent manner. Intraperitoneal injection of myricetin significantly reduced the number of the micro metastases of renal cell carcinoma in the lungs of nude mice. Conclusion Myricetin effectively inhibits the cell viability, migration and invasion of human renal cancer ACHN cells. It has the potential therapeutic value in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.
2017, 35(3): 233-237.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.010
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Objective To research the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) effects of cuprous oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) on melanoma. Methods Cuprous oxide nanoparticles were prepared hydrothermally.The B16 cells were cultured with cuprous oxide nanoparticlesat different concentrations (5,25,50 μg/ml).The changes of the morphology of the B16 cell were observed under the inverted microscope.The effects of CONPs on B16 cell migration ability were detected through the Wound healing assay and the Transwell assay.Then cell immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to test the EMT related molecular markers, including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Cytokeratin, and Vimentin. Results The synthesized cuprous oxide nanoparticles distribute uniformly with a diameter of 40 nm.Our study indicated that CONPs inhibited the EMT of B16 cell.A conversion process was discovered in this study.In B16 cells, CONPs inhibited B16 cell migration, promoted the expression of E-cadherin, Cytokeratin and Desmoplakin, while the expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin was repressed in protein level. Conclusion Cuprous oxide nanoparticles can significantly restrain the invasion and metastasis of melanoma cells and inhabit the EMT of B16 cells.
Objective To research the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) effects of cuprous oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) on melanoma. Methods Cuprous oxide nanoparticles were prepared hydrothermally.The B16 cells were cultured with cuprous oxide nanoparticlesat different concentrations (5,25,50 μg/ml).The changes of the morphology of the B16 cell were observed under the inverted microscope.The effects of CONPs on B16 cell migration ability were detected through the Wound healing assay and the Transwell assay.Then cell immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to test the EMT related molecular markers, including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Cytokeratin, and Vimentin. Results The synthesized cuprous oxide nanoparticles distribute uniformly with a diameter of 40 nm.Our study indicated that CONPs inhibited the EMT of B16 cell.A conversion process was discovered in this study.In B16 cells, CONPs inhibited B16 cell migration, promoted the expression of E-cadherin, Cytokeratin and Desmoplakin, while the expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin was repressed in protein level. Conclusion Cuprous oxide nanoparticles can significantly restrain the invasion and metastasis of melanoma cells and inhabit the EMT of B16 cells.
2017, 35(3): 238-242.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.011
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Objective To investigate the mechanism of phenylethanoid glycosides of pedicularis muscicola Maxim ameliorating high altitude memory impairmentby activating mTOR signal pathway. Methods 60 clean male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normoxic control group, hypoxia group, PhGs low, medium and high dose groups(50, 200, 400 mg/kg by oral administration). Normoxic control and hypoxia groups were administered with sterile injection water for 7 days. On the fourth day of drug treatment, hypoxia and PhGs groups were exposed to a specially designed animal decompression chamber, which simulated 7 500 m high altitude environment. The expression levels of mTOR, P70S6K and 4E-BP1 mRNA in hippocampus were detected by SYBR Green real-time PCR. The expression levels of p-mTOR, p-P70S6k and p-4E-BP1 protein in hippocampus were detected by Western blot. Results For hypoxia group rats, mTORand P70S6k mRNA repression, p-mTOR and p-P70S6K protein repression were respectively decreased by 22.50%, 26.00%, 42.28% and 11.70%(P<0.05, P<0.01), 4E-BP1 mRNA repression and p-4E-BP1 protein repression were respectively increased by 41.28%, 111.86%(P<0.01) in comparison tonormoxic control group.Compared with hypoxia group,for PhGs low dose group rats, 4E-BP1 mRNA repression and p-4E-BP1 protein repression were respectively decreased by 77.33% and 82.4%(P<0.01), p-P70S6K protein repression was increased by 32.53%(P<0.01). For PhGs medium, high dose groups, mTOR and P70S6k mRNA repression,p-mTOR and p-P70S6K protein repression were respectively increased by 64.56%, 60.76%; 14.86%, 20.27%; 65.12%, 94.17% and 56.63%, 78.31%(P<0.01), 4E-BP1 mRNA repression and p-4E-BP1 protein repression were respectively decreased by 72.67%, 71.57% and 57.6%, 40%(P<0.01). Conclusion Phenylethanoid glycosides of Pedicularis muscicola Maxim can ameliorate high altitude-induced memory impairment. This protective mechanism may due to the activation of mTOR signal pathway.
Objective To investigate the mechanism of phenylethanoid glycosides of pedicularis muscicola Maxim ameliorating high altitude memory impairmentby activating mTOR signal pathway. Methods 60 clean male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normoxic control group, hypoxia group, PhGs low, medium and high dose groups(50, 200, 400 mg/kg by oral administration). Normoxic control and hypoxia groups were administered with sterile injection water for 7 days. On the fourth day of drug treatment, hypoxia and PhGs groups were exposed to a specially designed animal decompression chamber, which simulated 7 500 m high altitude environment. The expression levels of mTOR, P70S6K and 4E-BP1 mRNA in hippocampus were detected by SYBR Green real-time PCR. The expression levels of p-mTOR, p-P70S6k and p-4E-BP1 protein in hippocampus were detected by Western blot. Results For hypoxia group rats, mTORand P70S6k mRNA repression, p-mTOR and p-P70S6K protein repression were respectively decreased by 22.50%, 26.00%, 42.28% and 11.70%(P<0.05, P<0.01), 4E-BP1 mRNA repression and p-4E-BP1 protein repression were respectively increased by 41.28%, 111.86%(P<0.01) in comparison tonormoxic control group.Compared with hypoxia group,for PhGs low dose group rats, 4E-BP1 mRNA repression and p-4E-BP1 protein repression were respectively decreased by 77.33% and 82.4%(P<0.01), p-P70S6K protein repression was increased by 32.53%(P<0.01). For PhGs medium, high dose groups, mTOR and P70S6k mRNA repression,p-mTOR and p-P70S6K protein repression were respectively increased by 64.56%, 60.76%; 14.86%, 20.27%; 65.12%, 94.17% and 56.63%, 78.31%(P<0.01), 4E-BP1 mRNA repression and p-4E-BP1 protein repression were respectively decreased by 72.67%, 71.57% and 57.6%, 40%(P<0.01). Conclusion Phenylethanoid glycosides of Pedicularis muscicola Maxim can ameliorate high altitude-induced memory impairment. This protective mechanism may due to the activation of mTOR signal pathway.
2017, 35(3): 243-247.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.012
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Objective To prepare the etoposide chitosan micelle, and investigate the effect of chitosan on etoposide intestinal absorption. Methods The etoposide chitosan micelle was prepared by dialysis. The drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading efficiency were determined by HPLC. The intestine in rats was cannulated for in situ recirculation. The effects of different chitosan doses on the intestinal drug absorption and the effects of chitosan on the drug absorption at different intestinal locations were studied. Results The average particle size of etoposide chitosan micelle was 139.5 nm. The multi-dispersion coefficient was 0.569. The standard curve of etoposide was A = 8 436.8 C-4 963.8,r=1.000 0. The intra-and inter-day precision values meetthe requirement. The drug encapsulation efficiency was (47.3±2.84)% and drug loading efficiency was (1.10±1.27)%. With the increase of the chitosan concentration, the absorption capacity of the unit area in the whole intestine was increased in different degrees. Chitosan exhibits its effects on etoposide absorptionat different intestinal sections in the following order: ileum >jejunum >duodenum. Conclusion Chitosan promoted etoposide absorption induodenum, jejunum and ileum, especially in jejunum and ileum.
Objective To prepare the etoposide chitosan micelle, and investigate the effect of chitosan on etoposide intestinal absorption. Methods The etoposide chitosan micelle was prepared by dialysis. The drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading efficiency were determined by HPLC. The intestine in rats was cannulated for in situ recirculation. The effects of different chitosan doses on the intestinal drug absorption and the effects of chitosan on the drug absorption at different intestinal locations were studied. Results The average particle size of etoposide chitosan micelle was 139.5 nm. The multi-dispersion coefficient was 0.569. The standard curve of etoposide was A = 8 436.8 C-4 963.8,r=1.000 0. The intra-and inter-day precision values meetthe requirement. The drug encapsulation efficiency was (47.3±2.84)% and drug loading efficiency was (1.10±1.27)%. With the increase of the chitosan concentration, the absorption capacity of the unit area in the whole intestine was increased in different degrees. Chitosan exhibits its effects on etoposide absorptionat different intestinal sections in the following order: ileum >jejunum >duodenum. Conclusion Chitosan promoted etoposide absorption induodenum, jejunum and ileum, especially in jejunum and ileum.
2017, 35(3): 248-251.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.013
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Objective To establish the assay method for the total polysaccharide in Pudi Enema. Methods Phenol-sulfuric acid method was used for chromogenic reaction. The content of total polysaccharide was measured by UV spectrophotometry at 488.8 nm. Results The total polysaccharides calibration curve was at the range of 0~22.635 mg/L, with regression function being Y=0.062 06 X-0.003 34(r=0.999 8). The recovery of calycosin was 98.36%(RSD=2.34%). Conclusion This method is sensitive,rapid,accurate and reliable. It can be used to assay the content of total polysaccharide in Pudi Enema.
Objective To establish the assay method for the total polysaccharide in Pudi Enema. Methods Phenol-sulfuric acid method was used for chromogenic reaction. The content of total polysaccharide was measured by UV spectrophotometry at 488.8 nm. Results The total polysaccharides calibration curve was at the range of 0~22.635 mg/L, with regression function being Y=0.062 06 X-0.003 34(r=0.999 8). The recovery of calycosin was 98.36%(RSD=2.34%). Conclusion This method is sensitive,rapid,accurate and reliable. It can be used to assay the content of total polysaccharide in Pudi Enema.
2017, 35(3): 252-255.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.014
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Objective To improve quality standard of Fufang Shenghua granules. Methods TLC was used to identify chief components in the preparation, Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae and Salvia Miltiorrhiza. HPLC was applied to identify Amarogentin and to determine the content of Salvianolic acid B. Salvianolic acid B assay was performed on Agilent HC-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) column with Acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid (23:77)as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 286 nm. Results The spots on TLC were fairly clear with good separation. There was no interference from the negative control samples. However, HPLC was a more accurate, reliable and objective method for qualitative identification. Salvianolic acid B showed a good linear correlation in the range of 1.56~49.92 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 100.07%, RSD 1.61% (n=9). Conclusion A simple, accurate and reliable method was developed for the quality control of Fufang Shenghua granules.
Objective To improve quality standard of Fufang Shenghua granules. Methods TLC was used to identify chief components in the preparation, Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae and Salvia Miltiorrhiza. HPLC was applied to identify Amarogentin and to determine the content of Salvianolic acid B. Salvianolic acid B assay was performed on Agilent HC-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) column with Acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid (23:77)as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 286 nm. Results The spots on TLC were fairly clear with good separation. There was no interference from the negative control samples. However, HPLC was a more accurate, reliable and objective method for qualitative identification. Salvianolic acid B showed a good linear correlation in the range of 1.56~49.92 μg/ml (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 100.07%, RSD 1.61% (n=9). Conclusion A simple, accurate and reliable method was developed for the quality control of Fufang Shenghua granules.
2017, 35(3): 256-258.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.015
Abstract:
Objective To improve the quality standard for Compound Belladonna Mixture. Methods TLC was used for the qualitative identification of morphine. HPLC was used for the content of morphine in the Compound Belladonna Mixture. Results Morphine could be identified by TLC. A good linear correlation of morphine was observed within the range of 0.525~10.5 μg/ml (r= 0.999 9).The average recovery was 99.44% with RSD of 0.23% (n=9). Conclusion This method is simple,accurate and quick, which could be used for determination and quality control of Compound Belladonna Mixture with good selectivity and repeatability.
Objective To improve the quality standard for Compound Belladonna Mixture. Methods TLC was used for the qualitative identification of morphine. HPLC was used for the content of morphine in the Compound Belladonna Mixture. Results Morphine could be identified by TLC. A good linear correlation of morphine was observed within the range of 0.525~10.5 μg/ml (r= 0.999 9).The average recovery was 99.44% with RSD of 0.23% (n=9). Conclusion This method is simple,accurate and quick, which could be used for determination and quality control of Compound Belladonna Mixture with good selectivity and repeatability.
2017, 35(3): 259-261.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.016
Abstract:
Objective To develop a HPLC method for determination of pueratin. Methods The separation was carried out on a Waters Symmetry C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and 1% formic acid(11:89), the detection wavelength was set at 250 nm, the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results The linearity was obtained over 2~40 μg/ml (r=0.999 8) for pueratin. The RSD of precision were less than 2%. The average recovery was between 98% and 103%. Conclusion This HPLC method was simple, accuracy and suitable for the quality control of Jiangzhi Hugan capsule.
Objective To develop a HPLC method for determination of pueratin. Methods The separation was carried out on a Waters Symmetry C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and 1% formic acid(11:89), the detection wavelength was set at 250 nm, the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results The linearity was obtained over 2~40 μg/ml (r=0.999 8) for pueratin. The RSD of precision were less than 2%. The average recovery was between 98% and 103%. Conclusion This HPLC method was simple, accuracy and suitable for the quality control of Jiangzhi Hugan capsule.
2017, 35(3): 262-266.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.017
Abstract:
Objective To observe the treatment efficacy of piperacillin/tazobactam regime for P.aeruginosa infection formulated by the method of the ratio of T above MIC (T >MIC%). Methods 59 hospitalized patients with P.aeruginosa infection were diagnosed by etiological diagnosis which was sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam from Jan. to April.2015. Before treatment, all patients were randomly divided into the control group and the test group. Patients in the control group were treated with 4.5 g piperacillin/tazobactam once and repeated every six hours. Patients in test group were treated with 4.5 g piperacillin/tazobactam once and repeated every twelve hours. The two groups were injected by 15 mg/kg amikacin once a day based on the above program. The other treatments were kept to be same. Results Between the two groups, the clinical efficiency rate and total hospital stay were equivalent, bacterial clearance rate and incidence of adverse reactions were similar, there were no difference between CRP and APACHE Ⅱ score before and after treatment. Conclusion The regime of piperacillin/tazobactam for P.aeruginosa infection formulated by the method of the ratio of T above MIC (T >MIC%)was safe, effective and feasible.
Objective To observe the treatment efficacy of piperacillin/tazobactam regime for P.aeruginosa infection formulated by the method of the ratio of T above MIC (T >MIC%). Methods 59 hospitalized patients with P.aeruginosa infection were diagnosed by etiological diagnosis which was sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam from Jan. to April.2015. Before treatment, all patients were randomly divided into the control group and the test group. Patients in the control group were treated with 4.5 g piperacillin/tazobactam once and repeated every six hours. Patients in test group were treated with 4.5 g piperacillin/tazobactam once and repeated every twelve hours. The two groups were injected by 15 mg/kg amikacin once a day based on the above program. The other treatments were kept to be same. Results Between the two groups, the clinical efficiency rate and total hospital stay were equivalent, bacterial clearance rate and incidence of adverse reactions were similar, there were no difference between CRP and APACHE Ⅱ score before and after treatment. Conclusion The regime of piperacillin/tazobactam for P.aeruginosa infection formulated by the method of the ratio of T above MIC (T >MIC%)was safe, effective and feasible.
2017, 35(3): 267-269.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.018
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Scrophularia ningpoensis granules combined with fosinopril in treatment of congestive heart failure. Methods 60 congestive heart failure patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, 30 patients in the treatment group and 30 patients in the control group. Besides the conventional therapy, the control group was treated with fosinopril and the treatment group received Scrophularia ningpoensis granules plus fosinopril for 90 days. Left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and serum B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured before and after treatment. Results The total effective rate in the treatment group and the control group were 90%, but significantly effective number in the treatment group was higher than the control group. The levels of BNP, LVEDD and LVESD in both groups were decreased, while LVEF was increased after the treatment. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The degree of improvement of heart function in the treatment group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The combination therapy of Scrophularia ningpoensis granules and fosinopril is efficacious in treating CHF.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Scrophularia ningpoensis granules combined with fosinopril in treatment of congestive heart failure. Methods 60 congestive heart failure patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, 30 patients in the treatment group and 30 patients in the control group. Besides the conventional therapy, the control group was treated with fosinopril and the treatment group received Scrophularia ningpoensis granules plus fosinopril for 90 days. Left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and serum B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured before and after treatment. Results The total effective rate in the treatment group and the control group were 90%, but significantly effective number in the treatment group was higher than the control group. The levels of BNP, LVEDD and LVESD in both groups were decreased, while LVEF was increased after the treatment. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The degree of improvement of heart function in the treatment group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The combination therapy of Scrophularia ningpoensis granules and fosinopril is efficacious in treating CHF.
2017, 35(3): 270-274.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.019
Abstract:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high incidence worldwide, especially in China. Surgical resection is the standard therapy for HCC. With the developments of surgical and supportive techniques, perioperative risk is significantly reduced, but the postoperative survival rate is low due to the high recurrence rate. In this article, we report a case with reoperation for recurrence after resection of primary hepatocellular carcinoma, and review the progress in prevention and treatment of recurrence after resection of primary HCC.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high incidence worldwide, especially in China. Surgical resection is the standard therapy for HCC. With the developments of surgical and supportive techniques, perioperative risk is significantly reduced, but the postoperative survival rate is low due to the high recurrence rate. In this article, we report a case with reoperation for recurrence after resection of primary hepatocellular carcinoma, and review the progress in prevention and treatment of recurrence after resection of primary HCC.
2017, 35(3): 275-278,288.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.020
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the current status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) pharmacy in state-run hospitals in Jiading district in order to improve the quality of TCM pharmacy management. Methods 16 medical institutions were investigated. Among them, there are 1 traditional Chinese medicine hospital, 3 general hospitals and 12 community health centers. The survey includes pharmacy area, TCM sales, TCM species, rules and regulations, staffing and so on. Results The amount of TCM in Jiading district public medical institutions met the demand, but pharmacy area did not meet the state standard. Pharmacy-related regulations were not sound. Decocting of TCM lacked supervision.Continuing education content needs to be updated. Conclusion Pharmaceutical management of TCM in Jiading district has room for improvement. Corrective actions in accordance with the relevant provisions are recommended.
Objective To evaluate the current status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) pharmacy in state-run hospitals in Jiading district in order to improve the quality of TCM pharmacy management. Methods 16 medical institutions were investigated. Among them, there are 1 traditional Chinese medicine hospital, 3 general hospitals and 12 community health centers. The survey includes pharmacy area, TCM sales, TCM species, rules and regulations, staffing and so on. Results The amount of TCM in Jiading district public medical institutions met the demand, but pharmacy area did not meet the state standard. Pharmacy-related regulations were not sound. Decocting of TCM lacked supervision.Continuing education content needs to be updated. Conclusion Pharmaceutical management of TCM in Jiading district has room for improvement. Corrective actions in accordance with the relevant provisions are recommended.
2017, 35(3): 279-281.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.021
Abstract:
Objective To provide the supporting evidence for the separation policy between medicine and pharmacy by investigating the effect of the policy on pharmacy administration in four three grade hospitals. Methods The drug supply chain management was researched in 4 pilot hospitals. Specifically, the difference between Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital and the Sixth People's Hospital East Campus was compared. Changes of rational drug use index before and after the separation policy were documented for the Sixth People's Hospital East Campus. Results ① 4 pilot hospitals with professional management of hospital drug supply chain achieved savings in staff, equipment and drug inventory. ② The Sixth People's Hospital East Campus has higher out of stock rate than Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital. ③ The rational drug use indicators were ameliorated after implementation of the separation policy in the Sixth People's hospital East Campus. Conclusions The separation policy between medicine and pharmacy not only reduces hospital cost, but also improves hospital pharmacy management.
Objective To provide the supporting evidence for the separation policy between medicine and pharmacy by investigating the effect of the policy on pharmacy administration in four three grade hospitals. Methods The drug supply chain management was researched in 4 pilot hospitals. Specifically, the difference between Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital and the Sixth People's Hospital East Campus was compared. Changes of rational drug use index before and after the separation policy were documented for the Sixth People's Hospital East Campus. Results ① 4 pilot hospitals with professional management of hospital drug supply chain achieved savings in staff, equipment and drug inventory. ② The Sixth People's Hospital East Campus has higher out of stock rate than Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital. ③ The rational drug use indicators were ameliorated after implementation of the separation policy in the Sixth People's hospital East Campus. Conclusions The separation policy between medicine and pharmacy not only reduces hospital cost, but also improves hospital pharmacy management.
2017, 35(3): 282-288.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0111.2017.03.022
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the lipid-lowering effect of 10 mg policosanol versus an equal dose of atorvastatinin patients with dyslipidemia. Method Databases such as VIP,Wanfang,CNKI,Cochrance Library,PubMed,Web of Science and EMBASE were searched for random control trials(RCT) and controlled clinical trials (CCT) of 10 mg policosanol versus an equal dose of atorvastatinin their lipid-lowering effects. The quality was assessed by Cochrance Handbook 5.1.0 or Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS).The study related data were analyzed statistically with RevMan 5.2 software.4 RCTs were selected. 257 patients were included in the trials. 130 cases were in 10 mg policosanol group and 127 cases belonged to 10 mg atorvastatin group. Results Results of Meta-analysis show that TC[SMD=0.84,95%CI(0.41,1.27),P=0.000 1] and LDL-C[SMD=0.68,95%CI(0.28,1.09),P=0.001] were reduced more effectively in 10 mg atorvastatin group than in 10 mg policosanol group.HDL-C[SMD=0.27,95%CI(0.02,0.51),P=0.03] was elevated more in 10 mg policosanol group than 10 mg atorvastatin group.Both groups showed no statistic difference(P=0.42) in TG [SMD=0.10,95% CI:(-0.41,0.35),P=0.42]. Conclusion The lipid-lowering efficacy of 10 mg atorvastatin is better than equal dose of policosanolin patients with dyslipidemia. Dose increase of policosanol should be considered to ensure the efficacy when policosanol was used tore place atorvastatin therapy. This study had some shortcomings, such as limited study numbers and small sample size. The reliability of this study should be verified from high-quality,multi-center RCTS with large samples.
Objective To evaluate the lipid-lowering effect of 10 mg policosanol versus an equal dose of atorvastatinin patients with dyslipidemia. Method Databases such as VIP,Wanfang,CNKI,Cochrance Library,PubMed,Web of Science and EMBASE were searched for random control trials(RCT) and controlled clinical trials (CCT) of 10 mg policosanol versus an equal dose of atorvastatinin their lipid-lowering effects. The quality was assessed by Cochrance Handbook 5.1.0 or Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS).The study related data were analyzed statistically with RevMan 5.2 software.4 RCTs were selected. 257 patients were included in the trials. 130 cases were in 10 mg policosanol group and 127 cases belonged to 10 mg atorvastatin group. Results Results of Meta-analysis show that TC[SMD=0.84,95%CI(0.41,1.27),P=0.000 1] and LDL-C[SMD=0.68,95%CI(0.28,1.09),P=0.001] were reduced more effectively in 10 mg atorvastatin group than in 10 mg policosanol group.HDL-C[SMD=0.27,95%CI(0.02,0.51),P=0.03] was elevated more in 10 mg policosanol group than 10 mg atorvastatin group.Both groups showed no statistic difference(P=0.42) in TG [SMD=0.10,95% CI:(-0.41,0.35),P=0.42]. Conclusion The lipid-lowering efficacy of 10 mg atorvastatin is better than equal dose of policosanolin patients with dyslipidemia. Dose increase of policosanol should be considered to ensure the efficacy when policosanol was used tore place atorvastatin therapy. This study had some shortcomings, such as limited study numbers and small sample size. The reliability of this study should be verified from high-quality,multi-center RCTS with large samples.
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