-
烟草流行是世界有史以来面临的最大公共卫生威胁之一,全球每年有800多万人由于烟草而死亡[1],吸烟不仅是各种非传染性疾病常见的主要风险因素,尤其是慢性呼吸道疾病、心血管疾病、癌症和糖尿病,同时会影响周围人的健康,而且对个人和国家的经济及社会形象产生负面影响[2]。据估计,每年全球消耗治疗烟草相关疾病的费用约1.4万亿美元[1]。
戒烟是降低非传染性疾病风险的最重要有效的干预措施之一。随着公共卫生工作的防范与发展,60%的烟草使用者希望戒烟[3],但只有约35%能够获得全面的戒烟服务,患者的戒烟意愿突显了在医疗系统内扩大戒烟可及服务及优先开展戒烟治疗的重要性[4,5]。
Discuss the role and challenges of foreign pharmacists in leading smoking cessation services
-
摘要:
目的 探讨国外药师在戒烟方面发挥的作用,促进药师主导戒烟服务的宣传与开展。 方法 通过PubMed和SCOPUS电子数据库搜索并整理药师参与提供戒烟服务的价值及其相关支持政策发展进程,探讨药师提供戒烟服务的可行性及障碍。 结果 药师在戒烟方面的参与度对公众健康和经济有积极影响,赋予药师戒烟药物处方权、开展药师戒烟服务培训,以及通过跨专业合作提高药师发挥戒烟作用的潜力等可有效克服药师发挥戒烟作用的障碍。 结论 适时考虑将药师主导的戒烟服务纳入医疗公共卫生政策指南,提高戒烟的有效性和可持续性。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the global role of pharmacists in smoking cessation and to foster the dissemination and initiation of pharmacist-led smoking cessation services. Methods This paper conducts a search and compiles information on the value of pharmacists in offering smoking cessation services and the evolution of supportive policies through the PubMed and SCOPUS electronic databases. It examines the feasibility and barriers to pharmacists providing these services. Results The involvement of pharmacists in smoking cessation positively impacts public health and the economy. Endowing pharmacists with the authority to prescribe smoking cessation medications, providing training in this service, and bolstering their potential through interprofessional collaboration can effectively address the barriers to their role in smoking cessation. Conclusion It is advisable to consider integrating pharmacist-led smoking cessation services into healthcare and public health policy guidelines to enhance the efficacy and sustainability of smoking cessation initiatives. -
Key words:
- pharmacists /
- social pharmacies /
- smoking cessation /
- public health /
- role
-
[1] World Health Organization. Tobacco-Key facts[EB/OL]. (2023-07-31)[2024-05-11]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco. [2] World Health Organization. Toolkit for delivering the 5A’s and 5R’s brief tobacco interventions in primary care[EB/OL]. (2014-05-23)[2024-05-11]. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241506946. [3] World Health Organization. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic: offer help to quit tobacco use, 2019: offer help to quit tobacco use[EB/OL]. (2019)[2024-05-11]. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/326043. [4] VALLIANT S N, BURBAGE S C, PATHAK S, et al. Pharmacists as accessible health care providers: quantifying the opportunity[J]. J Manag Care Spec Pharm, 2022, 28(1):85-90. [5] U. S. Food and Drug Administration. Want to Quit Smoking? FDA-Approved and FDA-Cleared Cessation Products Can Help[EB/OL]. (2022-07-21)[2024-05-11]. https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/want-quit-smoking-fda-approved-and-fda-cleared-cessation-products-can-help. [6] EL HAJJ M S, SHEIKH ALI S A S, AWAISU A, et al. A pharmacist-delivered smoking cessation program in Qatar: an exploration of pharmacists' and patients' perspectives of the program[J]. Int J Clin Pharm, 2021, 43(6):1574-1583. doi: 10.1007/s11096-021-01286-3 [7] SUI C F, MING L C. Chapter 53 - Pharmacist-led Smoking Cessation Services: Current and Future Perspectives[EB/OL]. (2019)[2024-05-11]. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128130353000538. [8] DAVE E. Smoking cessation services: how nicotine replacement therapy and counselling through pharmacy can support adherence and quitting[EB/OL]. (2018-01-02)[2024-05-11]. https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/ld/smoking-cessation-services-how-nicotine-replacement-therapy-and-counselling-through-pharmacy-can-support-adherence-and-quitting#fn_4. [9] CONDINHO M, RAMALHINHO I, SINOGAS C. Smoking cessation at the community pharmacy: determinants of success from a real-life practice[J]. Pharmacy, 2021, 9(3):143. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy9030143 [10] CHENG H M, LIU W C, CHUA G, et al. Impact of a pharmacy-led smoking cessation clinic in a dermatology centre[J]. Singapore Med J, 2019, 60(1):31-33. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2018063 [11] World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Pharmacists and action on tobacco Copenhagen, Denmark: EuroPharm Forum Smoking Cessation Task Force[EB/OL]. (1998)[2024-05-11]. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/108128/1/E61288.pdf. [12] World Health Organization. WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control[EB/OL]. (2003)[2024-05-11]. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/42811/9241591013.pdf. [13] World Health Organization. The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: an overview[EB/OL]. (2021-03-05)[2024-05-11]. https://fctc.who.int/publications/m/item/the-who-framework-convention-on-tobacco-control-an-overview. [14] World Health Organization. WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control - Parties[EB/OL]. (2021-03-03)[2024-05-11]. https://fctc.who.int/who-fctc/overview/parties. [15] World Health Organization. It’s time to invest in cessation: the global investment case for tobacco cessation [EB/OL]. (2021-11-16)[2024-5-11]. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240039308. [16] BIALOUS S, DA COSTA E SILVA V L. Where next for the WHO framework convention on tobacco control?[J]. Tob Control, 2022, 31(2):183-186. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056545 [17] MATTHES B K, ROBERTSON L, GILMORE A B. Needs of LMIC-based tobacco control advocates to counter tobacco industry policy interference: insights from semi-structured interviews[J]. BMJ Open, 2020, 10(11):e044710. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044710 [18] KAUR J, RINKOO A V, GOUDA H N, et al. Implementation of MPOWER package in the south-east Asia Region: evidence from the WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic(2009-2021)[J]. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2021, 22(S2):71-80. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.S2.71 [19] World Health Organization. Quitting tobacco[EB/OL]. [2024-05-11]. https://www.who.int/activities/quitting-tobacco. [20] World Health Organization. WHO Global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2030 [EB/OL]. (2024-01-16)[2024-06-02]. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240088283. [21] World Health Organization. MPOWER[EB/OL].(2023-07-31)[2024-05-11]. https://www.who.int/initiatives/mpower. [22] Joint WHO-FIP statement on the role of pharmacists in tobacco cessation[EB/OL]. (2024-05-31)[2024-06-02]. https://www.fip.org/file/5871. [23] CRESWELL P D, MCCARTHY D E, TRAPSKIN P, et al. Can inpatient pharmacists move the needle on smoking cessation? Evaluating reach and representativeness of a pharmacist-led opt-out smoking cessation intervention protocol for hospital settings[J]. Am J Health Syst Pharm, 2022, 79(12):969-978. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/zxab488 [24] PHILLIPS L C E, NGUYEN H, GENGE T L, et al. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an intensive and abbreviated individualized smoking cessation program delivered by pharmacists: a pragmatic, mixed-method, randomized trial[J]. Rev Des Pharm Du Can, 2022, 155(6):334-344. doi: 10.1177/17151635221128263 [25] TRAPSKIN P J, SHEEHY A, CRESWELL P D, et al. Development of a pharmacist-led opt-out cessation treatment protocol for combustible tobacco smoking within inpatient settings[J]. Hosp Pharm, 2022, 57(1):167-175. doi: 10.1177/0018578721999809 [26] THOMAS T, SYKES B, SHAH S, et al. Pharmacist prescriber smoking cessation intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic[J]. Tob Induc Dis, 2023, 21:142. [27] JANN S, LINDSAY K. Promising Practices for Pharmacist Engagement in Tobacco Cessation Interventions: American Pharmacists Association[EB/OL]. (2020-09-01)[2024-06-02]. https://aphanet.pharmacist.com/sites/default/files/audience/APhAPromisingPracticesTobCess_web_2020.pdf. [28] GÓMEZ MARTÍNEZ J C, GAZTELURRUTIA LAVESA L, MENDOZA BARBERO A, et al. Smoking cessation intervention in the community pharmacy: cost-effectiveness of a non-randomized cluster-controlled trial at 12-months' follow-up[J]. Res Social Adm Pharm, 2024, 20(1):19-27. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.09.003 [29] EL HAJJ M S, AWAISU A, NIK MOHAMED M H, et al. Assessment of an intensive education program for pharmacists on treatment of tobacco use disorder using an objective structured clinical examination: a randomized controlled trial[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2022, 22(1):289. doi: 10.1186/s12909-022-03331-9 [30] ERKU D A, HAILEMESKEL B, NETERE A K, et al. Pharmacist-led smoking cessation services in Ethiopia: knowledge and skills gap analysis[J]. Tob Induc Dis, 2019, 17:01. [31] GREENHALGH T, MACFARLANE F, STEED L, et al. What works for whom in pharmacist-led smoking cessation support: realist review[J]. BMC Med, 2016, 14(1):209. doi: 10.1186/s12916-016-0749-5 [32] NEWLON J, HILTS K E, CHAMPION V, et al. Bridging the gap in tobacco cessation services: utilizing community pharmacists to facilitate transitions of care in the USA[J]. J Gen Intern Med, 2022, 37(11):2840-2844. doi: 10.1007/s11606-022-07546-w [33] BOUCHET-BENEZECH B, CHAMPANET B, ROUZAUD P. Smoking cessation at the pharmacy: feasibility and benefits based on a French observational study with six-month follow-up[J]. Subst Abuse Rehabil, 2018, 9:31-42. doi: 10.2147/SAR.S152186 [34] SABA M, DIEP J, SAINI B, et al. Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions in community pharmacy[J]. J Clin Pharm Ther, 2014, 39(3):240-247. doi: 10.1111/jcpt.12131 [35] PELETIDI A, NABHANI-GEBARA S, KAYYALI R. Smoking cessation support services at community pharmacies in the UK: a systematic review[J]. Hellenike Kardiologike Epitheorese, 2016, 57(1):7-15. [36] LERTSINUDOM S, KAEWKETTHONG P, CHANKAEW T, et al. Smoking cessation services by community pharmacists: real-world practice in Thailand[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(22):11890. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211890 [37] CSIKAR J I, DOUGLAS G V, PAVITT S, et al. The cost-effectiveness of smoking cessation services provided by general dental practice, general medical practice, pharmacy and NHS Stop Smoking Services in the North of England[J]. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 2016, 44(2):119-127. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12195 [38] BEAUPRE L A, HAMMAL F, STIEGELMAR R, et al. A community-based pharmacist-led smoking cessation program, before elective total joint replacement surgery, markedly enhances smoking cessation rates[J]. Tob Induc Dis, 2020, 18:78. [39] JUMBE S, MADURASINGHE V W, JAMES W Y, et al. STOP-a training intervention to optimise treatment for smoking cessation in community pharmacies: cluster randomised controlled trial[J]. BMC Med, 2022, 20(1):212. doi: 10.1186/s12916-022-02412-2 [40] SAKKA S, AL-SHATANAWI T N, BATAINEH D Z, et al. Knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers towards smoking cessation services among community pharmacists[J]. Pharm Pract, 2022, 20(1):2637.
计量
- 文章访问数: 106
- HTML全文浏览量: 63
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0